Technical resources
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Documentation by grade
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Formulation guidance
Working with carbomers.
Dispersion
Sift the powder slowly into the vortex of well-agitated water at moderate shear. Avoid dumping: partially wetted agglomerates hydrate on the outside and trap dry polymer. U-series grades are self-wetting and reach full hydration in 2–4 minutes.
Neutralisation
Neutralise to pH 5.5–7.0 for maximum viscosity. Typical ratios: 0.4 parts sodium hydroxide (18% solution) or 1.0–1.5 parts triethanolamine per part polymer. Add slowly under low shear to avoid air entrainment.
Recommended neutralisers
Inorganic — sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide. Organic — triethanolamine, aminomethyl propanol, tromethamine, arginine. For hydroalcoholic systems above 40% alcohol, use an amine neutraliser for clarity.
Dosage ranges
Serums and light gels 0.15–0.3%. Standard clear gels 0.3–0.6%. Suspension and high-body systems 0.6–1.2%. Reduce U-series dose by roughly 15% versus 9-series for equal viscosity.
Electrolyte handling
Ionic actives reduce viscosity. Add salts last, at the lowest practical level, and select 934 or U-21 where ionic load is unavoidable.
Storage
Store sealed below 27 °C at low humidity. The powder is hygroscopic; absorbed moisture slows dispersion and lowers yield value.
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